A data structure used in blockchain applications to encode data in a secure and efficient way. The Merkle tree allows a block of transactions to be generated in a single hash, which is used to verify its validity to the original set of transactions. Using hashes is time efficient and does not require the validation of every transaction from the chain history...
Information about a digital file. In smart contracts, metadata sets out the conditions under which a deal should execute. In a non-fungible token, metadata can hold information about the ownership or intellectual rights, among other things.
Cardano's solution to streamline the speed and efficiency of data synchronization between applications. Mithril retains strong security settings and its uses include secure voting, data exchange between sidechains, and data synchronization within light wallets. It is part of the Basho phase.
According to the standard design of wallet addresses on the Cardano blockchain, an initial seed phrase can generate a very large number of accounts. These accounts are akin to individual sub-accounts within a bank account, enabling users to use them for various purposes such as donations, savings, spending, etc...
Referring to the design of wallet addresses on the Cardano blockchain that enables ADA holders to delegate to multiple pools. Numerous accounts can be created within one wallet, and each account has its own staking key for delegators to sign delegation transactions.
Multisig refers to a type of digital signature scheme that requires multiple signatures from different parties in order to authorize a transaction or an action on the blockchain.
Multisig is commonly used as a security measure to protect against unauthorized access and ensure that transactions are only executed with the approval of multiple parties.
A unique token stored on a blockchain. NFTs can represent digital ownership rights of real-world assets such as a building or a painting or be an asset in and of themselves. Cardano supports NFTs as native tokens. This means that anyone can mint their own NFTs on Cardano without needing a smart contract, which avoids the error-prone complexity found in Ether...
Native tokens is the feature that lets users create their own tokens on Cardano and these interact with the blockchain just like ada. Tokens can be fungible (interchangeable) or non-fungible (unique), and act as payment units, rewards, trading assets, or information holders. There is no need to create smart contracts to handle native tokens, which removes a ...
A technical infrastructure linking Cardano nodes in one unified system to process transactions. Stake pool operators run Cardano nodes that communicate with other nodes to share information about new blocks and transactions. This includes three processes: each operator runs a block-producing node (the node that verifies and creates a block) and two relay nod...
One of the computer servers or wallets making up the Cardano network. Each node holds a copy of the blockchain ledger and connects with other participants to help maintain network operations. A stake pool operator runs different types of nodes: a block-producing node and several relay nodes that are connected with each other. See Networking.
Off-chain refers to any transactions, data or activity that occurs outside of the blockchain network itself. Off-chain activity is typically conducted through secondary channels or networks that are not directly recorded on the blockchain, but may still be related to the blockchain in some way.
On-chain refers to transactions, data, or activities that occur directly on the blockchain network itself. When a transaction or any other operation is conducted on-chain, it means that it is recorded and permanently stored on the blockchain, becoming an immutable part of the distributed ledger.
is typically implemented using metadata transactions. Metadata can be attached to regular ADA transactions or other transactions on the Cardano blockchain. These metadata transactions can contain various types of information, including text, JSON data, or links to external content.
On-chain messages are useful for Non-Fungible Tokens. Creators can use them ...
The openness and accessibility of the blockchain's underlying software code. An open source blockchain means that the software code that powers the blockchain network is freely available to the public, allowing anyone to view, study, modify, and distribute it.
A service to transfer information from the real world to smart contracts. The oracle fetches and authenticates live data such as exchange rates and weather conditions to provide this data for smart contracts.
An order book is the method of currency exchange used in traditional markets. In DEXs, an order book method is used to allow users to transfer assets in a decentralized manner. It a list of open buy and sell offers made by users for a specific number of assets. Every buy order needs to be matched with a sell order.
For example, a user makes an offer to sell...
known as a valid block that is rejected by the network because another block with the same height was added to the blockchain at nearly the same time.
The reason a block becomes an orphan block on the Cardano blockchain is because the stake pool creating that block did not win in the Slot battle or Height battles. Additionally, a block becomes an orphan when...
The consensus protocol for Cardano. Ouroboros ensures that all participants agree on valid transactions. It is the first consensus protocol proven to be secure through academic peer review. The name comes from an ancient symbol that represents eternity and symbolizes the theoretical eternity of a blockchain. There have been several versions of Ouroboros: Cla...